Art Nouveau Movement

Art Nouveau is one of the most art movements that exists. It was a very influential movement but it didn't last long. This movement was created in the late 19 century but when the next century started this movement was dying as the time passed away. The designers of that age went trough Europe and their goal was to create new styles which resembles more to the modern age and you can find like organic, flowing lines- forms and geometric shapes for example squares and rectangles. The Art Nouveau stopped trending in the 1920s as it was starting a new movement the Art Deco. 

One of the many artists that got influenced by this movement was none other than Alphonse Mucha. Mucha grew up with two social cultural force that were the Catholic church and the slaves Independence in the Austrian Empire. In his hometown church which was sculptured with baroque style gave mucha that spark in art and he decided to move to Vienna as he began an apprenticeship for a stage painter. As he was in Vienna surrounded by all that art he discovered a passion for the work of Hans Makart. He starting earning money by making portrait commissions to people which from that he got introduced to a very important mentor which was Count Khuen-Bleasi. This mentor helped mucha to begin training in fine arts in Munich which then complete his career as an illustrator in a magazine and from there he created a particular calligraphic style. Then he completed his studies in Paris at the Academie Julian and Colarossi. Art here with many artists new ideas came and these ideas started to become what is known as the Art Nouveau of art in everyday life. 

The impact that Mucha left in that period of time was important. He was known for his work in advert posters because he had quite and audience that got influenced and attracted by his work. His main work was done in Vienna and in Paris and in an Art institute in Chicago. In Chicago he released a new way in art in which he calls it as "New Art" and intended this new way to Americans. Mucha was one who designed the poster with a very detailed pattern and insert that Art Nouveau in many several attraction like natural forms, decoration, to give more insight on mechanical production. 

In Mucha work you can see clearly that he loves to insert that feminine theme into his work. The 'New Woman' impression what Mucha wanted as he wanted to decrease the masculine mentality in the world. Mucha got involved in a lot of different media and by that he came very popular with the audience as he reached a lot of different types of audience. Mucha was the most involved when you mention Art Nouveau as he have done many posters. He have done alot of porject for his nation as he had that pride for his country and he gets very interested in the national traditions as he wanted to give that special thing in in history of Czech and it's culture. 

Early Typography to Now

The history of typography comes from a long way to find what we have now. There a lot of different types of typographers that has been created and a large amount of on what they written on. The first trace of typography written communication were in the ancient times back then in the prehistoric times but the very first real type of typography as formal writing happened around 3,500 B.C. The Egyptians were responsible to begin the development of the Hieroglyphics and at around 3300 B.C., they started to merge ideograms and different symbols to their writings,art and architecture. At around 3100 B.C the cuneiform was being used and they wrote ancient scripts and these scripts where done in horizontal or vertical. 

These changes all started when communication was in need and its complexity also increased. Not only the Egyptians felt this need but also the Phoenicians as they developed the famous phonograms (Phonograms are a type of symbol which shows a vocal sound). In the English language in the present stage phonograms we make a number of symbols like for example the # that represents the number. It's thanks to the Phoenicians who have released in around 1000 B.C. the beginning of the alphabet which then was taken by the Greeks. 

After many years that the Greeks have used the Phoenicians first alphabet the Romans have also taken the basis of the Greeks alphabet which then the Romans gave style to uppercase alphabet which the same font can be used nowadays. The Romans introduced many things like different styles of the letters of the alphabet and art in handwriting and they also inserted types of scripts which can be formal or informal that were used in situations like official or unofficial writings.

At the time of the middle ages, typography transformed into art which started as handwritten manuscripts. With these changes a lot of new styles got introduced. The art in typography was everything like the calligraphy of how it was written was very important like the layout of the page. The people who mastered the calligraphy have travelled a lot to give the knowledge to other people in Calligraphy.

In the 15th century was very important as the development of typography was now entering into the stage of modern world. Typography now is at the stage of industrial communication and done in large amounts. These can be presented with posters, newspapers, periodicals and at last advertisement. In this era ornamental typography was another important step.

Now going into our time typography as you can see came from a long way and if you see now we have all the technologies that we want to create our own original topographies with our own font families. Nowadays designers can increase their skills and create new topographies with new brilliant ideas. 

Typography since the new beginning of it always had one concept to give a certain message but the evolution and with time the medium used on which they wrote or how. By time the intellect of typography grew which one can see what we have nowadays. 

Creation of Graphic Design

Do you want to know more about Contextual Studies that involve Graphic Design in the old days and which were the first ever drawings and who made them ? I'm learning a lot about the history of graphic design and I will be discussing and giving my observations on what I learn and still learning. 

As far as I learned, Graphic Design is a very interesting subject which has a lot of things  and has a quite number of interesting facts divided into many categories which are: Typography, illustration, photography and printing. The very first person who used the term of graphic designer was Addison Dwiggins and it happened in 1922. After the world war II graphic design came widely popular. 

There are a lot of vast subjects in graphic design like Ideogram/phonograph, Pictographs, Multimedia and some of these have ancient artefacts which represents the people of that particular age.

As the first ever designs that a human designed were in the prehistoric times and that could mean a lot of things like communicating with one to another and compare it to now a days we are still doing that through graphic design. Even if that time they communicated by paintings we are still using that same concept but with modern designs with that has a message behind it. In prehistoric times they used to draw on rock which was called as cave paintings and you can find them on cave walls or even ceilings. 

These cave paintings also called as parietal art are 40,000 years old and can these paintings can be found in Asia as well in Europe. There are some paintings which are monochrome cave painting which means that they only used one colours which commonly use black. Some of them are Poly-chrome cave painting that consists as 2 or more colours. These colours or should I say pigments were created with different types of materials. The clay ochre was the most used to create these pigments and from the clay three colours succeeded to output which are yellow, brown and many type of red. 



When you mention a cave drawing it's more referred to as a certain type of drawings which is engraved drawings which are called as Petroglyphs. These engraved drawings are done by instil into solid rock surface and they used a stone tool which they made or a flint. Most of these cave paintings to not to say all of them show a figurative animals. The first artists in the stone age they painted a lot of animals which were predators like lions, rhinoceroses, bears. Other drawings that exist is the hand paintings that divides into two types which are prints or stencils. The hands were painted with different colours like red, white or black. 

In cave paintings abstract art is common also which include a lot of different art like dots, lines, signs and symbols. Some of them are simply made with just a brushstroke or circles, semi-circles, triangles and straight lines but some others are more complex than others.